Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) comes in two varieties, HSV-1 and HSV-2. Traditionally, HSV-1 has been labeled as “oral herpes” and HSV-2 has been labeled as “genital herpes,” but these terms are increasingly outdated.
Stable Incidence but Changing Dynamics
Since the 1970s, the incidence of HSV-1 has remained relatively stable at approximately 2.8 million cases per year. However, significant changes in transmission patterns warrant attention from anyone who is sexually active.
Decline in Pediatric HSV-1 Cases
Over the past 30 years, there has been a noticeable 30% decline in HSV-1 cases among children. While this is positive news, it has led to an unintended consequence. Children who do not contract oral HSV-1 as children are more susceptible to acquiring it genitally through oral sex once they become sexually active. Essentially, the prevalence of HSV-1 has not diminished; instead, its occurrence is increasingly shifting to the genital area.
Increasing Prevalence of Genital HSV-1
In a study of college students in the US, the percentage of genital herpes attributed to HSV-1 (as opposed to HSV-2) increased from 31% in 1993 to 78% in 2001. A recent cohort study reported that nearly 60% of new genital herpes cases were attributed to HSV-1.
Communicating About HSV
I recently came across a dating profile where someone mentioned having GHSV-1, meaning they have HSV-1 genitally. This specific labeling is incredibly useful, providing more precise information compared to the generic term “genital herpes.” Individuals with HSV-1, either orally or genitally, wouldn’t have to worry about this person’s condition, as you cannot contract the same strain twice.
Rethinking Terminology for Safe Communication
The terms “genital herpes” and “oral herpes” are becoming less relevant as they do not accurately reflect the strain of the virus. For effective communication and safe sexual practices, more specific descriptors like “GHSV-1” are essential.
Conclusion
By adopting clearer terms, we can improve understanding and enhance safety in sexual health.